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General

An aircraft electrical system is a self-contained network of components that generate, transmit, distribute, utilize and store electrical energy. The electrical system capacity and complexity vary tremendously between a light, piston-powered, single-engine general aviation aircraft and a modern, multi-engine commercial jet aircraft. However, the electrical system for aircraft at both ends of the complexity spectrum share many of the same basic components.

Most aircraft are equipped with either a 14 or a 28-volt direct current (DC) electrical system. A basic aircraft electrical system consists of the following components:

  • Alternator/generator
  • Battery
  • Master/battery switch
  • Alternator/generator switch
  • Bus bar, fuses, and circuit breakers
  • Voltage regulator
  • Ammeter/loadmeter
  • Associated electrical wiring
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