Non-directional beacons (NDBs) combine a transmitter with an antenna system providing a non-directional radiation pattern within the low frequency (LF) and medium frequency (MF) bands of 190–415 kHz and 510–535 kHz. NDBs are the basis of the LF/MF airway and air route system. In addition, they function as marker beacons for instrument landing system (ILS) as well as non-precision approach (NPA) aids for NDB instrument approaches.

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